Circuit-controlling apparatus.



J. W. ESKHQLME. CIRCUIT CONTROLLING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 23,1909.

Patented Dec. 29, 1914.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

cfi Q (TM J. W. ESKHOLME.

CIRCUIT CONTROLLING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 23, 1909.

Patented D60. 29, 1914.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

wk mk a citizen of the United States, residing at- UNITED STATES PATENT orricn.

JOHN w. nsxnonmn, or wn's'rmnu), NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR, BY mnsnn ASSIGN- MENTS, To 0. a c. nnnc'rnrc & MANUFACTURING comm, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

CIRCUIT-CONTROLLING APPARATUS.

To all whom'it may concern I Be it known that I, JOHN W. ESKHOLME,

lVestfield, New Jersey, have invented certain new and usefullmprovements in Circuit-Controlling Apparatus, of which the following is a clear, full, and exact description.

My invention relatesto a circuit-control ling apparatus, particularly one for controlling the energizing circuit or circuits of an electric motor ,when 1t 1s deslrable that said motor should have different speeds and work under variable loads, such as those operating printing presses and the like. There are various well known methods for controlling the speed of the motor such as introducing resistance in the main feedin circuit which is to be cut out and reinserted by a rheostat arrangement, or the more economic method of varying the strength of the fieldof the motor by various circuits.

It is immaterial in the present invention what method of speed control is employed since a feature of the present apparatus is a movable controlling member or arm adapted to make and break various. connections.

It is plainthat these connections might be cui ts which give complete control over the motor at different parts of the machine. Push-button circuits are also provided for starting and stopping the motor, preferably by operating a main switch included in-the motor energizing circuit, which switchmay be of the general construction described in my Patent #780,164.

It is to be understood in the present specification and claims that references to the rheostat (shown in the drawings), such as cutting out and inserting resistance in the main circuit by the controlling member, is for the purpose of conventional description only and is'not intended to limitthe scope of the invention to the mere changingof resistance connections, since the changing of any .oonnections whatever for controlling speed of. the motor is contemplated.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec 29, 1914.

Application filed. September 23, 1909. Serial No. 519,180..

The stopping circuit acts directlyupon the electro-magnet of the main switch to operate the same for throwing the switch off. The

slow-down circuit operating the controlling member acts to restore the resistance to the main circuit to slow down the motor. From eachof the said'named circuits I prefer to have several hand-operated switches or push-buttons and connections therefrom in order that a set of these push-buttons may be located at convenient places around the machine so as to be accessible to the operator at whatever portion of the machine he is engaged. In large machines like printing machines it is especially desirable that the machine be under the full control of the operator at several difl'erent parts of the machine, and this invention provides for such an arrangement. The starting and slow-down circuits as long as their pushbuttons are depressed, act to operate the controlling member with a step by step movement and thus cut out and restore resistance to the circuit gradually. In starting the "motor, however, I have provided an arrangement by which a single depression of the starting push-button will cause sufiicient resistance to be gradually cut out of the circuit to start the motor, no matter how heavy its load, without the necessity of holding said push-button depressed or of closing the starting circuit a second time. Also when the machine has arrived at the desirable speed in the opinion of the head operator, it may be fixed at this. speed by locking any one push-button of the starting circuit.-

The machine, however,'may at all times be stopped by closing the stopping circuit and when any one of its switchesis locked the machine cannot be started up without first unlocking that particular switch. Unless the starting switch or the stopping switch is locked, the slow-down button imay be operated at any time to throw resistance in the main motor circuit, and thus slow down the speed. of the machine. It will thus be observed that this arrangement prov1d:s

' for a perfect control at all times of the main motor circuit from severalclifierent portions .Figure 1 is an enlarged view of the rheo-- stat mechanism having one of the actuating motors shown in section; Fig. 2 is an en-: larged section through a single set of pushbutton switches; Fig. 3 is an enlarged section taken through ZZ of Fig. 2 showing I the locking means for one of the push-buttons; Fig. 4 is a detail section through Y.Y of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is-a section along XX Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view of the circuits and connections to the rheostat and main switch; and Fig. 7 is a partial view of the main switch. Y

Referring to Fig. '1 of the drawings, 1 will first describe my preferred form of controlling member and means for actuating the same. Mounted in any suitable way upon a back supporting plate 1 is a strip contact 52 and a series of contacts 5, which,

it is understood, may be connected to difierent field circuits or otherwise of the motor, but for the purpose of illustration are shown as connected to suitable resistance coils indicated at 58 in Fig. 6 and forming a rheostat. Loosely and rotatably mounted on a stud-4 extending outwardly from the plate 1 f is a carrying wheel 2, and fixed at one side of this wheel is the controlling arm 3 which extends over the contacts 5 and strip 52 to which the main circuit 52 is connected. The outer end of this arm, 3 is preferably insulated from the main portion as shown in Fig. 1,: so as to only bridge the contacts 5.

and strip 52 I have diagrammatically indicated .in'Fig. 6 the main circuit 52 connected-to the contacts 5 through arm 3, by

means of a brush 52"bearing on the-hub of said arm 3. The right-hand end of the set of resistancecoils is also connected to the main circuit 52, so that it is plain that this circuit is bridged througn the resistance coils by means of said arm 3. Means for operating the controller arm 3 backward and forward over the contacts 5 consist preferably of two arms 6 and 7 independently mounted upon the outer end of stud 4 to oscillate freely thereon. Since these arms are similar in structure, a description of arm 6 will sufiice for both. This arm'6 at its outer end isconnected by meansof any suitable universal connection 8- to a core 10 of a:

solenoid 18. The circuit-53 for energizing this solenoid is broken below the same; by means of separated; contacts 22. These con:

. incense tacts maybe immersed in oil 21 contained in a receptacle 20-as is shown in Fig. 1 to prevent sparking. The lower end 19 of the core 10 is adapted to close the break between the contacts 22 when said core is in its lower position. It is clear that this arrangement the circuit at 22. and thereby is allowed to fall by gravity to again close the same.

Carried on the outer end of the arm 6 is a bracket 12 containing within the same an inclined disk face 13. An unattached roller 14'lies Within this bracket and is normally supported upon a stationary shelf 15 fixed to the back plate 1. A pin 16 extending through the upper end of the bracket 12 and surrounded by a downwardly pressing spring 17 bears upon the upper side of roller 14 to normally hold said roller down against its shelf 15. When the arm 6 is raised carrying .the bracket 12, the inclined face 13 acts to bite or clamp the roller 14 against the rim of the wheel 2, and thereby carry the controlling arm 3 to the right a short distance, and when the arm 6 falls to its lower position as shown in Fig. 1, the roller 14 comes to rest upon the shelf 15 and no longer has a clamping action upon the rim of Wheel 2, whereby said wheel is free to rotate. The arm 7 is operated by means of core 11 in precisely the same wayto give the wheel 2 and controlling arm 3 a step by step motion in the opposite direction. Each reciprocation of core 10 or 11 may be adapted to move the arm 3 froin one contact'5 to another. "It is evident that whenboth of these arms 6 and 7 are in their lower position, the Wheel 2 maybe turned by hand if desired as the clamping devices are not active in-this position. The two solenoids 18 and parts actuated thereby indicated as L and R in Fig; 6 constitute my electrically-operated actuating mechanism for the controlling member 3.

Referring to Fig. .7, the main switch 40 of the motor circuit is pivoted at 41 and carries integrally therewith a triangular plate 42. The electro-magnet or solenoid 44 is provided with the usual core 43 having a cross head '45 slidable thereon,' said cross head being'connect'ed by means of slotted links 46 and 4b to opposite sides of the triangular plate 42. The upper end of the core 43-has fixed thereto a stud 49 which is adapted to engage the shoulders 46 at opposite sides of the triangular plate 42 to lock the same and switch 40 at either side of its throw. The cross head 45 loosely surrounds the core 43 and a coil spring 50 is disposed between the same and the stud 49 to nor further travel of the core acts by means of the link 46 to throw plate 42 to the other side.- The momentum of this plate 42 acts upon, the other link and draws the cross head 45 upwardly again to its normal posit1on, which in turn carries the core 43 up to lock the nose 49 behind the other shoulder 46, all as more particularly described in applicants patent before referred to.

Referring to Fig. 2, the preferable form of-push-button switches as shown consist of a series of rods 25 extendinginto a closed case 23 and mounted on a-suitable' insulating plate 24. The lower end of these-rods are nnmersed in abody of oil.32 contained in a receptacle 31 "and have a portion 29 for brid ing 'two' separated contacts 30 which are astened at the lower side of the insulating plate 24 as shown. At the upper end of the rod 25 is a lug 27 for bridging two separated contacts 26 mounted at the u per si e of the plate 24. The contact lug 2 a of the leftmost rod 25 is of greater width than the other lugs, and also the lower end of said rod is provided with insulation as shown, for a purpose to appear later. Springs 28 coiled between the lug 27 and plate 24 act to hold the rods 25 in an upward position, breaking the lower contacts 30 and closing the upper contacts 26. The two push-buttons 33 and 33 shown at the left in Fig. 2

which represent the starting and stopping push-buttons have a locking device, the preferred form of which is shown in section in F 3. Said rod 25 in this figure is provided wit a sleeve having a slot at 34 on one side and a shoulder 35 at the other. A stud 36 passing through the casing and entering the slot 34 prevents the turning of the rod 25.

Pivoted at 39 on the casing 23 is a latch device 37 having a ledge 38 and weighted at he side 37 so as to-havethe tendency to tilt downwardly toward the left ,as shown in said figure. When the button 33 and rod 2 are pushed down far enough, the ledge 38 will engage the shoulder35 and hold t e same inits lower position against the force of the spring 28. To unlock this push-button the latch 37 is thrown backwardly.

Referring now to Fig. 6, I will describe the circuits and their connections which control the. speed of the motor.

Motor'cz'rauit.-The main motor circuit consists of the line 52 from the positive main leading to the break 62 closed by a contact plate of the mam switch when on,

closed by a contact of the main switch when the same is on, and thence out to a negative 50 is slightly compressed and stud 49 is un ocked from shoulder 46 and the break and out to the negative main.

main. It will be observed that I have provided two breaks 62 and 63, one at each side of the main motor whereby no live circuit is connected to this motor when the switch is off.

Starting circuit and speed-up circuit- The starting circuit 53 is led to the contacts 26 of each of the starting switches in series which are bridged by the lugs 27* thence is led to the contacts 30.at the lower end of starting switch. and thence to the separated contacts 26 and lugs 27 of the stop and slowdown switches of each set, to a contact 69 carriedby and insulated from the arm 3, thence to the separated contacts which are closed by the upper end of the main switch when ofi, and thence through the solenoid E and out to the negative main. Thus it is evident that the first depression of the push-button 33 passes current through this starting circuit to throw on the main switch 40, which immediately breaks said starting circuit at 65. A second oncontinued depression of the push-button 33", however, passe-s current through a speed-up circuit which is traced as follows. A branch 53 leads from the starting circuit,53 to the break 64 closed by the main switch 40 when on, thence to the solenoid L, thence to theqeitd i. ll sequent depressions of button 33 act to energize the solenoid L and givea step by step movement to the arm 3 toward the right for cutting out resistance and thps speeding up the motor until said arm arrives at its exheld together by means of a spring. Also 3 it will be noticed that unless the controlling arm 3 is at its extreme left-hand or initial position, the circuit 53 will not be closed by contact 69, and therefore cannot energize the magnet E to throw on the switch. This arrangement in its illustrated application prevents the switch from being thrown on, unless the entire resistance of the rheostat is in the main motor circuit 52.

Automatic circuit.--Located beneath the arm 3 are preferably placed two segmental contact strips 65* and 66 and carried on the I arm 3 insulated therefrom is a bridge 67 for completing a circuit through these contacts. The automatic circuit 57 is led first to a break 61 adapted to be closed when the main switch is on, thence it is led to the contact run 65 across the brid e 67 to 66,

- thence through solenoid L a ong line 53 through the break 60, and out to the negative main. When the main switch is first thrown on the circuit 57 is closed through 61 and immediately energizes the solenoid L to operate controller arm 3 step by step toward the right. This operation will take place until the bridge 67 travels past the E with the main switch located in its ofi' load may be.

ends of and 66 and thus breaks the circuit. It will thus be understood that when the main switch is thrown on by means of 1 the starting button, the automatic circuit '57 immediately acts independently to move the controlling arm a predetermined distance and gradually cut out resistance to a certain extent and slowly bring the motor into operation no matter how heavy its starting This arrangement has distinct advantages over controlling arrangements in which the resistance, even at the starting of the motor, is controlled entirely by a starting push-button, in which if the first depression of the button does not cut out suflicient resistance to start the motor under its load, it must be again depressed or held down until sufiicient resistance is cut out to enable the motor to start.

The stopping circuit.The stopping circuit 54 is led from the positive mam through the contacts 30 of each stopping switch in parallel, thenceto break 66 which is closed only when the main switch is on, and thence by means of line 53 through the solenoid E, out to the negative main. It will be noticed that this stopping circuit may be operated independently of any of the others at any 'time when the main switch 40 is on to close the break 66. Thus the motor may be stopped at'any time that the main switch is on. This stopping circuit of course is broken and cannot energize electro-magnet position for this would operate to throw it on. As similarly the starting circuit cannot operate the electro-magnet E when the cuit 55 leads in parallel to the contacts 30 of each slow-down push-button switch, and thence directly to the solenoid R around to the left-hand break 59, which is constructed similarly to that of 60, and out to the negative mam. It will be understood whenever the slow-down push-button 33 is operated to close contacts 30, the motor solenoid R will be energized intermittently to move control ling arm 3 toward the left and restore resistance tothe main circuit for slowing down the motor. the purpose of automatically breaking the circuit when arm 3 has reached its left-hand limit of travel. I

As previously described, when either the stopping or slow-down push-button is operated the starting circuit 53 is broken through the contacts 26, and if the stopping switch is locked in its lower position the starting circuit is permanentl broken through contacts 26 until the stopping switch is unlocked. Although the slow-down switch The end break 59 is for anaaess when operated breaks the starting circuit through contacts 26, this slow-down circuit 55 itself still receives current through line 53 and is not broken through contacts 26* of the starting switch even though said switch is depressed, for the reason that the lug 27* of said starting switch is of greater Width than made by means of the starting switch and circuit to fix the speed of the motor at any .desired position and prevent any change, ex-

cept thatof completely stopping the motor. The starting push-button is designed to be pressed downwardly a sufiicient distance to carry its'con'tact 29 below the contacts 30 and also contact 27' below contacts 26 to break the,same. The upper portion of contact 29 'is insulated to prevent current passing through the contacts 30 when in this lower position. The switch 33 may also be locked in this lower position and thus maintain the startingqcircuit and the slow-down circuit broken through contacts 26*, whereby no one ,of the slow-down or starting push- .button switches can operate to speed up or sloW down the motor without first unlocking this depressed and locked s arting pushbutton.

An automatic restoring circuit 56 closed at its break 70 when the main switch is thrown ofi is led directly to the solenoid R outthrough break 59 to the negative main,

to energize said magnet R and move the arm- 3 to its left-hand limit of travel at all times when the main switch is thrown off.

Another, great advantage found in my airrangement of circuits is to be observed in regard 'to the slow-down circuit. This slow-down circuit in operating" the arm 3 toward the left ceases to operate said arm after the bridge 67 has closed the break 65., 66*,for the reason that at' this oint the automatic'circuit 57 is immediate y closed andthe solenoid L is operating under its influ-- ence, as well. as the solenoid R under the influence of the slow-down circuit. This results in bringing the arm 3 to a stop for the" reason that the efiect of the operation of both arms 6 and 7 simultaneously is that the wheel 2 is moved in neither one way nor the other. The purpose of this arrange .ment is that when'the motor is operating under a heavy load, the torque of the m0- tor cannot be sufliciently weakened either by changing the strength of the field ofthe motor or by inserting resistance in the main circuit through the operation of the slowdown switch, to bring the motor to a complete stop with the main switch 40 still in its on position. Serious accidents would often occur without this arrangement for the reason that in the operation of a print ing press, paper and other materials often clog the rollers, and if the torque of the motor were weakened to slow down, this clogging might be suiiicient to stop the running of the machine entirely, and yet the energizing circuit of the operating motor would be closed through the main switch. In this condition while the operators think the machine is at a standstill the removal of the clogging material would suddenly lighten the load sufficiently to again start the machine without warning and perhaps injure the operators. It will be noticed also that the carrying wheel 2 and /arm 3 have no fixed connection withithe operating arms 6 and 7 and thereforeniay be turned by hand any time :to operate the arm 3 independently of the controlling circuits.

As previously described, this invention comprehends the complete control over the starting, stopping and speed-up'of a motor by means of push-button switches or independently by hand if desired, and it is of course understood that this invention is not limited to the particular devices for making and breaking the several circuits since these are only diagrammatically disclosed in many instances WVhat I claim is:

1. In combination, a controlling member arranged to be moved forwardly and backwardly, electrically operated actuating mechanism for moving the same in either direction, such actuating mechanism comprising an electro-magnet armature or core and a switch, and of which there are a plurality of mechanically independent sets, a hand-operated switch operable at will for controlling one of said sets, and thereby said actuating mechanism in one direction, a separate hand-operated switch operable at will for controlling another of said sets, and thereby said actuatin mechanism in the opposite direction, an means for imparting a conti uous step by step movement through the me ium of said actuating mechanism to said controlling member when one or the other of saidhand-operated switches is closed.

2. In combination, a controlling member arranged to be moved gradually in a forward and backward direction, electricallyoperated-actuating' mechanism for moving the same, energizing circuits for said actuating mechanism, including said switch, a handroperated switch operable at will for controlling said actuating-mechanism in one direction, and a separate hand-operated switch operable at will for controlling said actuating mechanism in the opposite direc tion, a cut-out switch automatically op erated by said controlling member at each end of its travel and adapted to break the energizing circuits of said actuating mechanism, a third hand-operated switch, and means controlled thereby for automatically opening or-closing said energizing circuits independently of said cut-out switch.

3. In combination, a controlling member arranged to be moved step by step, an electro-magnet for moving the same, an energizing circuit therefor, a handoperated switch adapted to close said circuit, means for holding said switch closed, an automatically operated switch in said circuit adapted to break and make said magnet circuit at each energization of said magnet, a slow-down switch, and means to prevent the slowing down of the motor while the said hand-operated switch is acted on by said means for holding it closed.

4. In combination, a controlling member, power transmitting means, corresponding devices moved back and forth but one at a time by the application of said power, and friction means for each of said devices adapted to give said controlling member a step by step movement in either of two directions when repeated back and forth movements are given to one or the other of said devices, said controlling member being free from fixed connection to said friction means, whereby the said controlling member may be independently moved by hand at will in said two directions.

5. In combination, a controlling member movable in either of two directions, manually governed power transmitting means, mechanically separate corresponding reciprocating devices moved one at a time by the application of said power, and means for repeatedly connecting one or the other of said devices to said controlling member for imparting a positive step by step movement thereto in one or the other of said two directions during the movements of said repeatedly connected device in one direction, whereby said controlling member receives a movement at will in either of two directions.

6.? In combination, a controlling member,

I power transmitting means, reciprocating devices moved b the application of said power, a whee fixed to said controlling member and friction connecting means carried by said reciprocating devices adapted to clamp said wheel during the movement of said devices in one direction whereby said controlling member receives a step by step movement, said friction devices permitting a free movement of said Wheel in either direction independently thereof. 4

7. In a circuit controlling apparatus in combination, a main circuit and a main switch therefor, a rheostat included insaid main circuit, an electrically-operated-actuadapted to energize said actuating mechav nism, and means energized by said second circuit to cut out, in a step by step manner, a-portion of the resistance of said rheostat from said main circuit.

8. In a circuit-controlling apparatus incombmatmn, a main circuit and a mamswitch therefore, a rheostat included in said main circuit, electrically-operated-actuating mechanism for operating said rheostat, a circuit closed when said main switch is on adapted to energize said ,actuating mechanism, and means energized by said second circuit to cut out, in a step ,by step manner, a portion of the resistance of said rheostat from said main circuit, and a separate cir- .cuit controlled by a hand-operated switch for energizing said actuating mechanism to further out out resistance of said rheostat.

9. In a circuit-controlling apparatus in combination, a main circuit and a main switch therefor, an electro-magnet for operating said switch, electrically-operated-actuating mechanism operable to vary the resist-- ance. in said main circuit, a hand-o erated starting switch and circuitscontrolle thereby adapted to energize said electro-magnet when said main switch is ofi and to energize said actuating mechanism when said main switch is on, said electro-magnet being energized by circuits independent of the motor circuit.

10. In a circuit controlling apparatus in combination, a main circult and a mam 1 switch therefor, a rheostat included in said main circuit, electrically-operated-actuating mechanism foroperating saidrheostat, a hand-operated switch and a circuit controlled thereby for energizing said actuating mechanism to throw resistance in said mam .circuit, and means to prevent the entire resistance of said rheostat being thrown into said circuit by the operation of said hand switch when the main switch is on. 7

11. In a circuit-controllingapparatus in combination, a main circuit and a main switch therefor, a rheostat'included in said main circuit, electrically-operated-actuating mechanism for operating said rheostat, a

hand-operated switch and a circuit controlled thereby for energizing said actuating mechanism to throw resistance in said main circuit, and means to prevent the entire resistance of said rheostat being thrown into said circuit b the operation of said hand switch when-t e main switch is on, and automatic meansfor throwing the entire resistance of said rheostat-in said circuit when said main switch is 0E.

12. In a circuit-controlling apparatus in combination, a main circuit and a main switch therefor, a rheostat included in said said motor.

main circuit for varying the resistance therein, means for operating said switch and rheostat, and a series of circuits for controlling said operating means comprising a starting circuit for throwing on said main switch, an automatic circuit closed by said main switch, an automatic circuit closed by said main switch for cutting out a prcdetermined amount of resistance from said main circuit, and a speed-up circuit for further ling said operating means comprising astarting circuit for throwing on said main switch, a speed-up circuit for cutting out resistance from said main circuit, a slow down circuit for restoring the resistance to said main circuit, and a stopping circuit for throwing off said main switch, a'nestoring circuit closed when said main switch is oii for restoring the resistance of said rheostat to said main circuit.

' 14. In a circuit-controlling apparatus in combination, a motor and a main energizing circuit therefor, a main switch for said motor circuit, a movable controlling member for varying the speed of said motor, electric'ally-operated-actuating mechanism for operating said controlling member, an energizing circuit for said actuating mechanism closed by said main switch when on and adapted to move said controlling member a predetermined distance for starting the motor.

15. In a circuit-controlling apparatus in combination, a motor and a main energizing circuit therefor, a main switch for said motor circuit, a movable controlling member for varying the speed of said'motor, electrically-operated-actuating mechanism for operating said controlling member, an energizing circuit for said electro-actuating mechanism closed by said main switch when on and adapted tomove said controlling memher a predetermined distance for starting the motor, a separate energizing circuit for said actuating mechanism closed by a hand-operated switch and adapted to further move said controlling member for speeding up i 16. In a circuit-controlling apparatus in combination, a motor and a main energizing circuit therefor, a main switch for said'motor circuit, a movable controlling, member for varying the speed of said motor, electriinitial position.

for speeding up and slowin adapted to move said controlling member for speeding u said motor, a separate energizing circuit orsaid actuating mechanism closed by said main switch when off adapted to restore said controlling member to its initial position.

17. In a circuit controlling apparatus in combination, a motor and a movable controlling member for varying the speed of said m tor, electrically operated actuating mechanism for operating said controlling member, each such actuating mechanism includ-' ing an electro-magnet armature or core and a switch, a plurality of independently controllable hand-operated switches, independent circuits for energizing said actuating mechanism, including said first switches, and each separately controllable at will by one of said hand-operated switches and adapted to move said controlling member in different directions for speeding u slowing down said motor, and means or imparting a continued step by step movement through the medium of said actuating mechanism to said controlling member when one or the other of said hand operated switches is closed, said independent circuits being independent of control by: the motor circuit.

18. In a circuit-controlling apparatus in combination, a motor and a main energizing circuit therefor, a main switch for said motor circuit, a movablecontrolling member for varying the speed of said motor, electricallyoperated-actuatin mechanism for operating said controlling member, independent c rcuits for energizing said actuating mechamsm each separately controlled by a handoperated switch and adapted to move said controlling member in different directions down said motor, and means to prevent said controlling member from being restored to its initial position while said main switch is on.

19. In a circuit controlling apparatus in combination, a motor and a main energizing circuit therefor, a main switch for said motor-circuit, an electro-magnet for operatin the same, a movable controlling member or varying the speed of said motor, an energizing circuit for operatingsaid electro-magnet to throw on said main switch closed by a hand-operated switch and adapted to be broken when said controlling member is away from initial osition.

20. In a circuit-contro ling apparatus in combination, a motor and a main energizin circuit therefor, a main switch for sai motor circuit, an electro-magnet for operating the same, a movable controlling member for varying the speed of said motor, and means to prevent the actuation of said electro-magnet to throw on said main switch when saidcontrolling member is away from and , said locklng means is unlocke 21. The combination with a motor, of a series of electrical circuits for controlling the operation and speed of said motor, comprising a starting circuit, a speed-up circuit, a slow-down circuit and a stopping circuit, one or more of hand-o erated switches for each of said circuits, sai starting and speed-up circuits being closed by the same switch or switches and also bridged throu h the switches of said stopping and slowown circuits whereby they are broken when one of said latter switches is closed:

22. The combination with a motor, of a series of electrical circuits for controlling the speed of said motor, comprising a speedup circuit, and a slow-down circuit, one or more hand-operated switches and connections for closing each of said circuits, means operated by any one switch of the speed-up circuit to break the connections of the other switches of said circuit and also the connections for said slow-down switch or switches.

23. The combination with a motor, of a series of electrical circuits for controllin the speed of said motor, comprising a spec up circuit and a slow-down circuit, oneor more hand-operated switches and connecbreak the connections for the starting switch or switches and maintain said start ng circuit broken, a switch of said starting c1rcuit being biased to a closed position when 25. The combination with a motor, of a series of electrical circuits for controlling the operation and speedof said motor, comprising a starting circuit, a speed-up c1rcuit and a stoppin circuit, one or more hand-operated switc es and connections for each of said circuits, said starting and speed-' up circuits being closed by the same set of switch or switches and also bridged through the switch or switches of said stopping circuit whereby they are broken when one of said latter switches is closed.

26. The combination with a motor, of a series of electrical circuits for controllin the s eed of said motor, comprising a spec up circuit and a slow-down circuit, one or more hand-operated switches for each of a mews said circuits, the switch or switches of said Signed mt Garwood NJ. this 21st day of slow-down circuit being biased to a closed Sept. 1909.

position, said speed-up circuit being bridged JOHN W. ESKHOLME. through the switch or switches of said slow- Witnesses: t 5 down circuit and. adapted to be broken when WM. OBLEMIS,

one of the same is operated. I Tnos. A. QILI GAN. 

